Electric headlight.



PATENTED FEB. 24, 1903.

J. KIRBY, JR. ELECTRIC HEADLIGHT. APPLICATION FILED DEG. 26, 1901.

F0 MODEL.

7 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

. Inventor.

m: Ncm'us Pzrzns co.. ENOTOLITHOYV, busqmercmp. c.

PATENTEI; FEB. 24,1903.

7N0. 721,646. 7 J. KIRBY, JR.

ELEOTRIG HEADLIGHT. uruoynon nun no. 26. 1901. no IbnnL. '1 SHEETS- mm:-2.

.v Fig. 2.

Inventor.

csmwww v No. 721,646. PATENTED FEB. 24, 1903.-

J KIRBY, JR ELECTRIC HEADLIGHT.

APPLICATION FILED DBO. 26. 1901.

7 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

N0 MODEL.

InvEzl-lftlr PATENTED FEB. 24, 1903.

'J. KIRBY, JR. ELECTRIC HEADLIGHT.

APPLICATION FILED DBO. 26, 1901 7 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

N0 MODEL.

No, 721,646. y PATENTED FEB. 24, 1903.

- J. KIRBY, JB.

ELECTRIC HEADLIGHT. APPLI OOOO on nnnnnn no. 26, 1901.

I 0 I 0 D E L 7 S H E E T B 8 H E E T 5.

No. 721,646. PATBNTED FEB. 24 1903. J. KIRBY, JR. 111111011110HEADLIGHT.

APPLICATION FILED 11110. 26. 1901.

no 1101151,. 7 SHEETS-SHEET a.

AHEIS L; IUVBH EUL'.

is otaawm No. 721,646. v PATENTED FEB. 24, 1903.

J. KIRBY, JR.

ELECTRIC HEADLIGHT.

. APPLICATION FILED 1330.26. 1901.

110 MODEL. 7 SHEETS-SHEET 7 Afle st: k InVEnTnr.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN KIRBY, JR, OF DAYTON, oi-11o,AssieNoR To UNITED sTATEs HEAD LIGHTCOMPANY, OF BUFFALO, NEW YORK, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

ELECTRIC HEADLIGHT.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No; 721,646, dated February24, 1903.

Application filed December 26, 1901. $erial No. 87,238. (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, JoHN KIRBY, Jr., a citizen of the United States,residing in the city of Dayton, county of Montgomery, and State of Ohio,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Electric-ArcHeadlights; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear,and exact description of the invention, such as will enable othersskilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same,reference being had to the accou1 panying drawings, and to thecharacters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of thisspecification.

This invention contemplates certain new and useful improvements inelectric arc headlights for use on electric-railway cars and othervehicles.

The objects of the invention are, first, to provide a more desirable,efficient, and compact form of such headlight, whereby the spacerequired for its occupancy is reduced, and its construction,commensurate with its advantages, simplified and reduced in cost;second, to combine with the carbon-operating mechanism of suchheadlights means for automatically establishing the circuit by theelectric current which operates the lamp and auxiliary means forestablishing the circuit in event of failure of the current to performsuch function; third, to provide such headlights with an improved formof case inclosing the reflector and having provision for mounting thecarbon-operating mechanism upon the exterior thereof; fourth, to providemeans for inclosin g the arc whereby the waste of carbon is reduced toaminimum, and, fifth, to combine with the objects aforesaid otherimproved features, all of which are accomplished by new and novelcombinations,which will hereinafter be fully described and claimed.

I have shown and will describe herein certain features which are alsoapplicable to types of headlights other than electric arc and whichfeatures will be made the subject of another application for UnitedStates Letters Patent, which I intend to file with the Commissioner ofPatents, and in which application such features will be illustrated, de-

scribed, and claimed. I will therefore confine the claims of my presentinvention to headlights of the electric-arc type.

My invention is clearly illustrated in the accompanying drawings, whichform a part hereof, and in which- Figure 1 represents a front view of aportion of the dashboard of a railway-car with the headlight mountedthereon; Fig. 2, a rearview of the same; Fig. 3, a vertical sectionthrough the center of the headlight and dashboard, except thepositive-carbon-operating mechanism, part of which is shown in sectionand part in full; Fig. 4, a horizontal section through the center lineof the headlight and dashboard, the back door of the case being shownpartly open; Fig. 5, a front perspective view of the headlight removedfrom the dashboard; Fig. .6, a rear perspective broken view of the casewith all appurtenances removed therefrom; Fig. 7, a detached perspectiveview of the positive-carbon operating mechanism and base therefor; Fig.8, a similar view to Fig.

7 with the carbon-holder, electromagnet, and

auxiliary spring device removed; Fig. 9, a detached vertical section ofthe positive-carbon holder and carbon; Fig. 10, a broken perspectiveview of the supplemental case; Fig. 11, a broken perspective view of thenegativecarbon holder detached; Fig. 12, a broken perspective view ofthe globe carrier detached; Fig. 13, a broken perspective view of theglass-holder detached; Fig. 14, a rear perspective view of a portion ofthe glass-holder, showing the clips and fastening device; Fig. 15, arear perspective broken view of a headlight adapted to be attached tothe outside of the dashboard; Fig. 16, a sectional View showing amodification in the manner of attaching the headlight to the dashboard;Fig. 17, a modification of the upper globeholder, and Fig. 18 a detachedperspective view of the stand for the headlight.

Similar letters and figures of reference indicate corresponding partsthroughout the drawings.

A represents a portion of the dashboard, in which there is formed anopening.

13 represents a collar surrounding the opening on the outside of thedashboard, and O a dash-ring surrounding the opening on the insidethereof.

The collar 13 and dash-ring C are each provided with holes 1, whichregister with corresponding holes in the dashboard to receive bolts 2,by which they are clamped to the dashboard, as clearly shown in Figs. 2and 3. The dash-ring O is provided with a forwardlyprojecting flange orrim 3, which extends through the dashboard and out beyond the collar Band which in addition to stiffening the ring forms a finish around theopening.

D represents the headlight-case, which is formed with an open frontandan opening in the back. thereof and preferably cast in a single piece ofany suitable material and to the form shown, there being formed thereona front projecting ring 4, adapted to engage the dash-ring O and stopagainst a shoulder 5, formed thereon, preferably, in line with theinside of the dashboard, thecase being secured in such position byrotatable fasteners 6, attached to the dash-ring O and adapted to engagebehind a shoulder 7 on the body of the case. Thus when it is desired toremove the headlight the said fasteners are swung to the positions shownby dotted linesin Fig. 2, when it will be free to be removed forplacement in another car or for any other desirable purpose without thenecessity of removal of bolts 2, collar B, and dash-ring C. It will beapparent, however, that the dash-ring C may be formed upon and integralwith the body of the case,in which event it would be necessary to removethe bolts in order to free the headlight from its mountings, suchconstruction being shown in Fig. 16.

When an electric-arc headlight is mounted upon the dashboard of arailway-car in substantially the manner already described, it isdesirable, as matters of convenience and saving in breakage of glass,that the interior thereof shall be accessible from both the front andrear of the dashboard without disturbing the glass-holder or removingthe headlight, and in order to obtain access to the back of theheadlight fromwin front of the dashboard I provide an armhole throughthe latter below the headlight, through which the lower or negativecarbon can be manipulated, and in performing such act the operator cansee into the open front of the headlight to adjust the carbon to itsproper position with relation to the reflector. Provision for obtainingaccess to the same from behind the dashboard will hereinafter beexplained. To form a finish to the said armhole, as well as to stiffenthe structure, the collar B and dash-ring O are provided withcontinuations thereof which extend therefrom around the armhole, asshown at ct and b, and on the outside, preferably, is hinged a door Efor closing the opening, which is atrifle smaller than the door, thusforming a jamb c for the door to close against, the latter beingfastened by a latch 8.

The inside of the front ring t of the case is provided with acircumferential groove 9, into which lateral channels 10 lead from itsouter edge. the said ring 4, being secured therein by means of lugs 11and 12, projecting from its outer horizontal surface and adapted toenter the channels 10, whereupon by turning the glass-holder they willengage the groove 9 and retain the holder within the said projectingring of the case, from whence it can then be withdrawn only upon turningit back to position, where the said lugs register with the saidchannels. It is obvious, however, that instead of the groove 9 extendingaround the ring, as shown and as above described, a single short groovemay extend from each of the channels in either direction; but as aconvenience of manufacture I prefer the construction shown and in whichat a suitable distance from the said channels is provided a stop 13,against which one of the lugs will strike, and further forward movementof the holder will be thereby arrested, the holder being prevented fromundue reverse movement and possible displacement by a spring 14, one endof which is secured to and on the inside of the outer horizontal memberdof the glassholder, the opposite end having a projecting pin 15,withbeveled end and operative through the lug 12, the beveled end of the pinengaging an aperture 16 in the ring 4 of the case, as more clearly shownin Fig. '14. Thus the pressure of the spring must be overcome before theholder can be released, and vwhile this is easily accomplished by thehand of an operator the pressure of the spring is such as to prevent anyjarring motion to which the headlight may be subjected in service fromdisplacing the glass-holder, which will hereinafter be more fullydescribed.

Within the case there is located a parabolically-formed reflector Gr,provided with an outwardly-turned flange 17, by which it may be securedto the case near its front or open end in the usual mannner. Thisreflector is cut away, preferably, on a line drawn through the focalpoint and is therefore open at both ends, the parabola being completedby an auxiliary reflector H, secured to a door I, hinged to the body ofthe case and forming the back thereof in the manner shown, or it may besecured in any other manner which will effectually accomplish itspurpose, although in practice I have found the simplest and mostefficient plan of mounting this auxiliary reflector to be to attach itto the door, as shown, whereby when the latter is opened the former willbe carried with it, and the opening in the back of the main reflectorwill then be exposed for the purpose of cleaning the reflector,adjusting the carbons, or otherwise manipulating the lamp from the backof the headlight, the normal relative positions of the two reflectorsbeing established by closing the door I. The walls of the two reflectorsare cut away at 18 and 19 to form openings opposite each other, throughwhich the mechanism of'the lampcan operate.

A glass-holder F is contained within In the wall of the case and bypreference integrally therewith opposite the focal point groove 23, inthe bottom of which is a washer- 24, of asbestos or other suitablematerial, for the lower end of the globe L to rest upon. The receiver isalso provided with a lateral interiorly-screw-threaded boss 25, withwhich registers a nut 26, having a central bore, in which is journaled apinion-shaft 27, carrying on its end within the receiver a pinionwheel28 and at its outer end an operatingwheel 29. A coiled spring 30, withits end bearing against the outer surface of the nut 26 and the innersurface of the wheel 29, respectively, holds the side of thepinion-wheel against the inner end of the nut 26 under constantpressure, and thus prevents undue movement of the former and imparts asteady movement to the mechanism while being operated. The receivercontains a carbonholder 31, the upper end of which is slotted andtapered, the tapered portion being exteriorly screw-threaded andprovided with a corresponding interiorly-threaded nut 32, the functionof which is to press the'slotted end of the holder against the carbon Mand hold it securely therein. A rack 33 is secured to the exterior ofthe carbon-holder 31 and engages the pinion-wheel 28,whereby uponturning the latter the carbon-holder is elevated or lowered, accordingto the direction in which the wheelis turned, and the carbon istherebyfed to and from the focal point of the reflector through the lower openend of the globe. A vertical channel or recess 34 is formed in thereceiver to accommodate the rack, the former being closed at the bottomto exclude air and its position rotatively being governed by a notch a,adapted to engage a projecting stud a on the hollow sleeve 20. It is notessential that the negative-carbon mechanism just described shouldbeemployed in order to carry out all the objects of this invention, asit is obvious that other forms may be used in connection with the otherfeatures thereof; but I prefer this mechanism, because in addition toits especial efiiciency and convenience of operation it can be instantlylifted out of the way to place the upperor positive carbon in positionfrom within the case or for the purpose of cleaning out the receiver,which should be done frequently, or for making repairs, and for thefurther reason of convenience in manufacture, and as the detachableglobe-carrier above described can be made on an automatic machine itscost is thereby materially reduced.

The upper or positive carbon operating mechanism is mounted upon theexterior of the case, there being formed thereon a fiat portion orsurface 35 to receive the same, above and to which surface a base orplate N, carrying the same, is secured by screws or bolts 36, aninsulating-block 0 being placed between to separate the positive andnegative poles of the lamp. The flat portion 35 of the case isperforated at 37 to receive a depending collar 38 of theinsulating-block O, as shown in Fig. 3. A bracket P extends upwardlyfrom the base-plate N and is provided with a horizontally-disposed arm39, perforated at 40, to receive and act as an upper guide for thepositive-carbon holder Q, a lower guide for which is to be seen in aperforation 41 through the said base-plate. The said positive-carbonholder consists of a hollow rod 42, somewhat larger in diameter than thecarbon, contracted at its lower end to an easy fit for the latter, asmore clearly shown in Fig. 9, the lower end being also exteriorlytapered and slotted and provided with a screw-threaded nut 43, theouter.diameter of.

which is slightly less than that of the rod 42, so as to permit the saidnut to pass freely through the perforations and 41, whereby the saidcarbon-holder can be removed from the outside of the case, as well asfrom the inside thereof, and which is a very desirable convenience inmanipulating the lamp, the positive carbon N being secured in the holderby tightening the nut 43. To the bracket P there is pivoted at 44 anoperatinglever 45, preferably made of a good conducting material, suchas soft iron or steel, and having its free end provided with aninsulating-tip 46, extending through the wall of a supplemental case orcovering R for the upper works of the lamp, for a purpose which willpresently appear. Pivotally connected with the lever 45 at 47 is one endof a vertical rod 48, to which is attached a lateral arm 49, secured inplace on the rod by a set-screw 50, the free end of this arm beingperforated to engageand slide upon another vertical rod 51. At the lowerend of the rod 48 is secured thereto a clutch'arm 52, having aperforation 53, through which the carbon-rod 42 operates. To one end ofthis clutch-arm and opposite the rod 48 there is pivoted at 54 acam-lever 55, provided with a cam 56. The opposite or free end of thiscam-lever is provided with an aperture 57 to receive and through whichthe rod 51 operates, a movable collar 58 being secured on said rod belowthe cam-lever and held in place by a set-screw 59. A spiral spring 60surrounds the rod 51, its upper end bearing against the under side ofthe lateral arm '49 and its lower end bearing against the upper side ofthe cam-lever 55 to keep the same in contact with collar 58. Secured tothe baseplate N, preferably by screwing thereto in the manner shown inFig. 3, and located under the operating-lever 45 at a suitable distancefrom its pivotal point is a vertically-disposed cylinder S, having abottom 61 therein, provided with a central aperture, a portion of thesame extending above and a portion below the said base-plate, thisconstruction being desirable in order that the height of the wholestructure may be reduced. \Vithin this extension is an operating-bolt62, provided with a reduced stem v63, adapted to slide through the saidaperture, and around which stem is a spiral spring 64, whose upper endbears against the shoulder formed by the reduced stem of the bolt andwhose lower end bears against the bottom 61. In the wall of thiscylinder is formed a vertical slot and a slightly-inclined lateral slot66, communicating therewith at the bottom thereof, there being aprojecting pin or knob 67 secured to the said bolt and adapted tooperate in said slots, the purpose of which will soon appear. It will beobserved from the foregoing thatif the operating-lever is presseddownward carbon-rod 42, together with the vertical rods 48 and 51,lateral arm 49, clutch-arm 52, and cam-lever 55,will all be forceddownward, and when the lower end of rod 51 strikes the baseplate thedownward movement of the end of cam-lever 55 will be arrested, and afurther downward movement of the clutch-arm 52 will carry with it thepivoted end of the camlever and thereupon shift the position of the cam56 suflicient to release its grip on the carbon-rod, which will thendrop until its carbon rests upon the end of the lower or negativecarbon. The carbons now being together must be separated again before anarc can be produced, the distance of such separation being ordinarilyabout three-sixteenths of an inch, the length of the are being governed,however, by the limit of movement of the cam-lever 55, and which isestablished by the location of collar 58 on the rod 51. The raising ofthe cam-lever, which is accomplished by the reverse or upward movementof the operating-lever 45, will cause the cam 56 to reengage or impingethe carbon-rod 42 and carry the same, together with the carbon N, backto the proper elevation to form the arc of the lamp, the upward movementof the operating-lever being limited by a suitable stop, hereinafterreferred to.

The positive-carbon-operating mechanism as thus far described issubstantially the same as shown and described in United States LettersPatent No. 615,927. I therefore disclaim the invention thereof and willnow proceed to describe such part ofmy present invention asI believe tobe new and useful combinations therewith.

It will be observed that this invention asa whole contemplates anentirely different structure from that of the said patent and in whichthe operating-lever N is lifted by the downward pull of aretracting-spring at the short end thereof, in contradistinction towhich I purpose the automatic lifting of the same through theinstrumentality of the electric current which operates the lamp, inconjunction with auxiliary means, whereby in case of failure throughdecreased voltage or otherwise of the current to perform such functionthe said auxiliary means can be thrown into engagement with theoperatinglever, and thereby furnish a substitute for the current inlifting the lever, while its downward movement may then be accomplishedby hand until a convenient time can be had in which to put thecurrent-operating device in working order again or until the voltage isincreased sufficient to perform the work, it being understood that eachtime the circuit is broken, and which occurs whenever the arc distancebecomes too great, caused by the burning away of the carbons, the lattermust come together, or practically so, in order to reestablish the arc,and which is accomplished by their separation, as above explained also,that when the headlight is on a car making a trip any failureofperformance of such operation would make the headlight useless untilproper conditions are again established. Therefore it is important thatthe headlight be provided with mechanism which will insure theperformance of its every function, and as the same should require aslittle attention as possible, especially when in service, it isdesirable that its feeding mechanism be automatic in operation, and tothis end the bracket P is continued upwardly and terminates in a lateralprojecting arm 0, extending out over the operating lever and from whichdepends an electromagnet T, the lower end 69 of the cores of whicharrest the upward movement of and forms the stop for the operatinglever, which being made of good conducting material acts as an armaturewhen the said magnet is energized, and is attracted to and held againstthe same so long as sufficient energy remainsin the magnet; butinstantly upon breaking the circuit the lever will be released and fallof its own weight, carrying with it the movable parts with which it isconnected, thus causing the positive carbon to drop to contact with thelower one and establishing the circuit again, when the magnet will pickup the lever, in doing which the carbon will be returned to its normalposition and the arc reestablished.

U represents an insulated conducting-wire leading from the source ofsupply through an insulation-bushing 70 in the wall of the case, thenceupwardly through the top thereof, and it is connected at 71 with thecoil 72 of the magnet, the coil 73 thereof being connected at 74 withthe bracket P at 75 by a conductor 76, the negative pole of the lampbeing grounded in the usual manner.

There is suspended from the top of the case a tubular extension V,formed in two sections 77 and 78, the upper section 77 being secured tothe case and having at its lower end an exterior screw-thread adapted toregister with an interior screw-thread at the upper end of the lowersection 78, at the lower end of which is a cap 79, adapted to engage theglobe and to hold the same down upon its seat in the globe-carrier K.This arrangement, in conjunction with the perforation 41, forms apassage-way through which the upper or positive carbon and its holderoperates and also practically excludes air from the inside of the globe,thus contributing to the life of the carbons. When the globe is to beremoved or replaced, the lower section of the tubular extension iselevated, as shown by dotted lines in Fig. 3. The cap 79 is preferablymade of thin metal, spun or stamped to shape, to allow of sufficientexpansion when heated to prevent breaking the globe. A further and veryimportant advantage in this construction, in connection with thepositive and negative carbon holders already described, lies in the factthat as the positivecarbon holder is operative within the tubularextension and through the cap 79 and through the upper open end of theglobe, the negativecarbon holder being operative through the lower openend of the same, both carbons can be consumed close to the ends of theirrespective holders or within about one-half or three-quarters of an inchof their entire original lengths, it being only necessary to waste theportion necessary to sustain them in the holders.

Above the headlight-case D and secured thereto by screws 80 or othersuitable fastening is mounted a supplemental case B, hereinbeforereferred to, within which the uppercarbon mechanism is inclosed. Thiscase consists of a frame 81, preferably in a single piece open at topand bottom and having also openings in its sides, the side openingsbeing closed by doors 82, paneled and hinged to the frame, as shown, thepanels being provided with rear openings 83 for the escape of air, ashereinbefore mentioned, the said openings being provided with shields84, the function of which is to protect the interior from the elements.The top of this case is provided with a hinged lid 85, held closed by acatch 86 and provided on the inside with an insulation-washer 87 toprevent contact between the metallic surfaces of the lid andupper-carbon holder when the latter is elevated. In the back of thiscase there is a slot 88, through which the operating-lever 45 projects,and whereby the said lever can be depressed by hand from the exterior ofthe headlight when it may be found necessary to do so, and in which casethe operating-bolt 62, previously described, is first thrown intoengagement with this lever by releasing the projecting pin or knob 67from the inclined slot 66, when the spring 64 will force the saidoperating-bolt against the under side of the operating-lever, andwhereby the same will be lifted and held in an elevated position whenpressure is released therefrom.

The glass-holder F,the construction of which inner members 6 and f, andvertical members g and h, the horizontal member 6 being provided withair-openings 1', arranged in alternation around the same, adrainage-opening j being provided through the outer horizontal member dat the bottom thereof. On the inside of the holder, opposite theintermediate member 6, is an inwardly-projecting ring or collar 70,which encircles a glass disk Z, held therein by several clips m, one endof each of which is secured to a post at by screws 0, the holder beingalso provided with finger-pieces p for convenience in handling.

Owing to the decreased size of the headlight and to the heat generatedby the are it is essential that ample provision be made for the freeinlet and outlet of cold and hot air, respectively. Therefore inaddition to the openings in the glass-holder already mentioned there isformed in the case an opening 89, protected by a shield 90, and throughwhich opening cold air can enter the case from the back thereof, andanother opening 91 is formed in the top of the case through which hotair can escape out into the supplemental case B, thence through theopenings 83 into the outer atmosphere.

On the under side of the case and extending from the wall of the hollowsleeve 20 to the front projecting ringat is a flat portion 92, to whichand to the back wall of the hollow sleeve is screwed or bolted a standX, upon which the headlight may rest in an upright position when apartfrom its mountings.

It will be observed from the foregoing general description of thisinvention that the negative or lower carbon, which should be properlyset with reference to the focal point of the reflector, can be adjustedfrom the front side of the dashboard and that to accom plish which theoperator after opening the door in the back of the case can place hisarm through the armhole in the dashboard and reach the operating-buttonof the negative-carbon holder to adjust the carbon, and in doing thesame he can see through the front glass of the headlight to properlylocate the carbon; that certain of its features are applicable toheadlights other than the specific type herein described--as, forexample, electric-arc headlights adapted to be supported upon theoutside of the dashboard, as shown in Fig. 15; that the mode ofattachment to the dashboard may be varied; that the portions of the caseherein referred to as flat need not of necessity be flat; that theelectromagnet need not necessarily be located over the operating-lever,and that by mere mechanical change it can be located in other positionsadjacent to the carbon-operating mechanism and be made to perform thefunction hereinbefore ascribed to it; that the upper globe-holdingdevice may be operated by a spring, as shown in Fig. 17, and that otherIIO details of construction, as hereinbefore described, may be modifiedin various ways without departing from the spirit of my invention.

Having thus fully described my invention, I claim 1. In an electric-archeadlight, the combination of a case having an open front and an openingin the back of the case provided with a door for closing the saidopening, a hollow sleeve formed in the wall of the case, a carbon-holdersupported in said sleeve, a reflector whose normal position is behindsaid carbon-holder, and means whereby the said re flector can be shiftedto permit of access to said carbon-holder from the back of the case.

2. In an electric-arc headlight, the combination of a case having anopen front and an opening in the back of the case provided with a doorfor closing the said opening, a hollow. sleeve formed in the wall of thecase, a carbon-holder supported in said sleeve, a reflector whose normalposition is behind said carbon-holder, and means whereby the saidreflector is shifted from and to its normal position by the opening andclosing of the said door whereby access to the said carbon-holder can behad from the back of the case.

3. In an electric-arc headlight, the combination of a case having anopen front and an opening in the back of the case, a hollow sleeveformed in the wall of the case, a carbon-holder supported in saidsleeve, a main reflector open at both ends secured within the case, adoor for closing the said opening in the back of the case, and anauxiliary reflector located behind said main reflector and arranged tobe removed from and replaced in its normal position by the opening andclosing of the said door.

4. In an electric-arc headlight, the combination of a case having anopen front and an opening in the back of the case, a hollow sleeveformed in the wall of the case, a carbon-holder supported in saidsleeve, a main reflector open at both ends secured within the case, adoor for closing said opening in the back of the case, and an auxiliaryreflector located behind said main reflector and arranged to be readilyremoved and replaced in position whereby access can be had to the mainreflector through the opening in the rear thereof.

5. In an electric-arc headlight, the combination of a case having anopen front and an opening in the back of the case, a hollow sleeveformed in the wall of the case, a receiver supported in said sleeve, aholder operative in said receiver, a carbon carried by said holder, amain reflector open at both ends secured within the case, a door forclosing the said opening in the back of the case, and an auxiliaryreflector located behind the said main reflector and adapted tosubstantially close the opening in the rear end thereof, the saidauxiliary reflector being carried by and arranged to open and close withsaid :loor.

6. In an electric-arc headlight, the combination of a case, a reflectorsecured therein, a hollow sleeve formed in the wall of the case, areceiver removably held in said sleeve, a carbon-holder operative withinsaid receiver, a carbon carried by said holder, a removableglobe-carrier at the upper end of the said receiver, and means foroperating the carbonholder whereby the carbon held therein can beadjusted to bring its point of combustion into proper relation with thefocal point of the reflector.

7. In an electric-arc headlight, the combination of a case, a reflectorsecured therein, positive-carbonoperating mechanism carried by the case,a carbon-holder operated by said mechanism, a hollow sleeve formed inthe wall of the case, a receiver held in said sleeve, a holder operativein said receiver, a carbon carried by said holder, a removableglobecarrier at the upper end of said receiver, and means for operatingthe said holder whereby the carbon held therein can be adjusted to bringits point of combustion into proper relation with the focal point of thereflector.

8. In an electric-arc headlight, the combination of a case, a hollowsleeve formed in the wall of the case, a receiver removably held in saidhollow sleeve, a carbon-holder operative in said receiver, means wherebythe proper position of said receiver in said hollow sleeve isestablished, and rack-and-pinion mechanism for operating said holder.

9. In an electric-arc headlight, the combination of a case, a hollowsleeve formed in the wall of the case, a receiver removably held in saidhollow sleeve, a negative-carbon holder operative in said receiver,means whereby the proper position of said receiver in said hollow sleeveis established, positive-carbon-operating mechanism carried by the case,and a supplemental case inclosing said operating mechanism.

10. In an electric-arc headlight, the combination of a case having anopen front, a reflector secured within the case, a hollow sleeve formedin the wall of the case, a receiver removably held in said sleeve, meansfor preventing the turning of said receiver therein, a negative-carbonholder operative in said receiver, positive-carbon-operating mechanismsecured to the case on the outside thereof, and a supplemental caseinclosing the said mechanism.

11. In an electric-arc headlight, the combination of a case having anopen front, a nega-' tive-carbon-holder,positive-carbon-operatingmechanism, a carbon-holder operated by the latter, carbons carried bysaid holders, a separate opening in the rear of the case whereby thecarbons can be manipulated independently of said open front, means forclosing the said opening, and a supplemental case inclosing the saidpositive-carbon-operating mechanism.

12. In an electric-arc headlight, the combination of anintegrally-formed case having an annular front projecting rim andglass-holder carried thereby, a hollow sleeve formed in the wall of thecase, a receiver and carbonholder supported in said sleeve,carbonoperating mechanism mounted on the outside of the case oppositethe said hollow sleeve, a carbon-holder operative through the case bysaid mechanism, a supplemental caseinclosingthe latter, and a door insaid supplemental case to provide access to said mechanism.

13. In an electric-arc headlight, the combination of a case,carbon-operating mechanism carried by the case, a supplemental caseinclosing the said mechanism, and a lever in direct connection with andforming a part of said mechanism extendingthrough and operativeindependently of the wall of the said supplemental case whereby the saidmechanism can be operated from without the case.

14. In an electric-arc headlight, the combination of a case, abase-plate attached to the case and having carbon-operating mechanismattached thereto, an aperture in said baseplate, a carbon-holderoperative through said aperture, a supplemental case inclosing the saidmechanism, and a lever in direct connection with and forming a partofsaid mechanism extending through and operative independently of the Wallof the said supplemental case whereby the said mechanism can be 0peratedfrom without the case.

15. In an electric-arc headlight, the combination of a case, abase-plate carried by the case, carbon-operating mechanism mounted uponsaid base-plate, an operating-lever forming a part of said mechanism,and a springactuated bolt mounted upon the base-plate and adapted toengage the said lever to return to and retain the same in a normalposition.

16. In an electric-arc headlight, the combination of a case, abase-plate attached to the case and having carbon-operating mechanismattached thereto, an aperture in said baseplate, a carbon-holderoperative through said aperture, an operating-lever in direct connectionwith and forming a part of said mechanism, an electromagnet energized bythe current which operates the lamp and adapted to automatically operatethe said mechanism and thereby establish the circuit when the same isbroken, and auxiliary means for establishing the circuit by hand in caseof failure of the said electromagnet to perform such function.

17. In an electric-arc headlight, the combination of a case, abase-plate attached to the case and having carbon-operating mechanismattached thereto, an aperture in said baseplate, a carbon-holderoperative through said aperture, an operating-lever in direct connectionwith and forming apart of said mechanism, means whereby the electriccurrent which operates the lamp will automatically operate the saidmechanism to establish the circuit When the same is broken, and anauxiliary device whereby the circuit can be established by hand in caseof failure of the electric current to perform such function.

18. In an electric-arc headlight, the combination of a case, abase-plate secured to the case and having an aperture therethrough,carbon-operating mechanism mounted upon said base-plate, a carbon-holderoperated through said aperture by said mechanism, a positive carbon heldin said holder, an operating-lever in direct connection with and forminga part of said mechanism, a negative carbon opposite the said positivecarbon, an electromagnet independent of said mechanism and energized bythe current which operates the lamp, and means whereby the said magnetwill automatically operate said mechanism and thereby close the circuitwhen the same has been broken.

19. In an electric-arc headlight, the combination of a base-plate havingmounted thereon carbon operating mechanism in which there is anoperating-lever, a clutch-arm, a cam-lever in pivotal connection withsaid clutch-arm, a carbon rod operative through said base-plate andthrough said clutch-arm, a rod connecting said lever and said clutcharm,an arm extending from said rod, a springactuated rod operative throughsaid arm and through the free end of said cam-lever, and anelectromagnet energized by the current which operates the lamp andadapted to establish the circuit when the same has been broken.

20. In an electric-arc headlight, the combination of a case,carbon-operating mechanism carried by the case, a carbon operated bysaid mechanism, an electromagnet energized by the current which operatesthe lamp and adapted to automatically operate the saidmechanism andthereby establish the circuit when the same is broken, an auxiliarydevice for establishing the circuit by hand in case of failure of saidelectromagnet to perform such function, and means for throwing the saiddevice in and out of engagement with said mechanism.

21. In an electric-arc headlight, the combination of a base-plate havingmounted thereon carbonoperating mechanism in which there is anoperating-lever, a clutch-arm, a cam-lever in pivotal connection withsaid clutch-arm, a carbon rod operative through said base-plate andthrough said clutch-arm, a rod connecting said lever and said clutcharm,an arm extending from said rod, a springactuated rod operative throughsaid arm and through the free end of said cam-lever, an electromagnetenergized by the current which operates the lamp and adapted toestablish the circuit when the same has been broken, and auxiliary meansfor establishing the circuit by hand in case of failure of the saidelectromagnet to perform such function.

22. In an electric-arc headlight, the combination of a case, a reflectorsecured within the case, a base-plate carrying carbon-operatingmechanism, and a negative-carbon holder and receiver therefor, aglobe-carrier surrounding one end of said receiver, a globe open atopposite ends and having one end resting in said globe-carrier, a hollowextension-sleeve extending below said base-plate and adapted to holdsaid globe in position, a positive-carbon holder operated by saidcarbon-operating mechanism and movable through the hollow of saidsleeve, and carbons held in said carbon-holders and having their freeends within said globe.

23. In an electric-arc headlight, the combination of a case, a reflectorsecured within the case,'a base-plate carrying carbon-operatingmechanism, a negative-carbon holder and a receiver therefor, aglobe-carrier surrounding one end of said receiver, a globe open atopposite ends and having one end resting in said globe-carrier, a hollowsleeve having a fixed portionjextending below said base-plate and aremovable portion extending from below said fixed portion to and restingon the opposite end of said globe to hold the same in position,a'positive-carbon holder operated by said carbon operating mechanism andmovable through the hollow of said fixed and movable portions ofsaidsleeve, and carbons held in said carbon-holders and having their freeends Within said globe.

24;. In an electric-arc headlight, the combination of a case, abase-plate carrying carbon-operating mechanism and having an aperturetherethrough, a globe open at opposite ends, a support for the lower endof said globe, a hollow sleeve forming a passage-way between said plateand the open upper end of the globe, a carbon-holder operative throughsaid aperture and said hollow sleeve, and a carbon held in said holderand operative within said globe.

25. In an electric-arc headlight, the combination of a case, abase-plate having an apertu re theret-hrough and carryingcarbon-operating mechanism consisting in part of aclutch-arm,acarbon-holderoperative through said aperture and throughsaid clutch-arm and consisting of a rod having a reduced portion at oneend to receive the carbon and a nut for fastening the same therein, thesaid rod being of larger diameter than other parts of said holderwhereby the same'can be Withdrawn from said'aperture and said clutcharmfrom above or below the same.

26. In an electric-arc headlight; a base-plate having an aperturetherethrougli, carbon-operating mechanism carried by said base-plate, incombination with a carbon-holder operative through said aperture by saidmechanism, and a carbon held in said holder, the said carbon-holderbeing so constructed as to be removable from either end thereof uponreleasing the said mechanism from its hold thereon.

In testimony whereof I hereunto subscribe my name this 21st day ofDecember, 1901.

JOHN KIRBY, JR.

Witnesses:

E. R. KIRBY, mo. 1. UNDERwooD.

